Codes and Conventions

Codes and Conventions

Television News Programme:

Television news shows have a set time to be broadcast for example the BBC news starts at six o'clock and it shows the main headlines/stories for the first five minutes, at around about twenty past you'll get sport stories and at half past six its the weather before it changes over to BBC London news. The BBC use multi-cameras to move around each angle so they can show the on location stories this is to keep you focused and entertained. They have the studio set up to in a certain position this is where the desk and other furniture in the studio are placed. The reports that they show are structured from; main headline, top story, national story, local story, feel good story followed by the weather.The background music is played before the show and after the show. The presenters who sit at the desk in the BBC have an authoritative figure and have to maintain professionalism whilst on air.The field reporters are the reporters who go out to a certain location and do a news broadcast from there and its played in the studio, field reporters usually interview experts or eye witnesses. There a lot of video and photo images throughout a TV news report they usually show clips or images that are related to the report headlines this way the audience know what to expect.The captions/titles they use tell you the location or town they're reporting from and also informs you of the name who's speaking.

Documentaries:

Documentaries have a narrative voice over this leads the audience into a preferred reading.Single/ hand held cameras are used for realism and truth following their day to day activities depending on what the documentary is about. Natural sound and lighting is used when filming because the sun is the best source of light and it's doesn't cost, you end up with better results.
Vox Pops and Interviews are held with experts/ witnesses and participants in the documentary to get their views/ opinions on the matter. Text is used to label items or locations and dates that are used or filmed  in the documentary. They use archive footage so that they can support filmed scenes. The use of real footage of surroundings is one of the main parts when filming a documentary as it based on real life issues. 
Reconstructions are used when they want to recreate a scene where somethings happened for example; crime watch reconstruct the crimes that are committed to make the audience aware.

Newspapers:

The masthead is the title block that contains the name of the newspaper, this is on the front-page of every newspaper. There's always a dramatic headline in each paper this usually is used with the splash; the splash is the main story on the front of every newspaper. The purpose of the images that are used in the newspapers are so that the readers don't get bored from reading and also it grabs their attention, or to go with the stories and headlines. The price of the newspaper is usually located in the pugs, these are the areas at the top left and top right hand side of the pages, these grab the readers eyesight and are used to show the date and price.
The difference between a local newspaper and a national newspapers is that in the local newspapers include local advertisements of items that are for sale or wanted, local schools details, jobs within the area, local company advertisements, classified adverts and local stores in the area, house sections showing the local houses that are up for sale also they base their stories locally. Newspapers come in two sizes Broadsheet and Tabloids. Broadsheets have a more in depth coverage of the news stories. Broadsheets are mainly about Business and news in the politics e.g, The Independent  The Times and The Guardian and are read by more authoritative people. Tabloids are smaller with shorter articles and are more about celebrities and local new stories such like The Sun, Evening Gazette and the Daily mirror.